Let's look at the difference between between a Senior Officials Meeting (SOM) and a Conference of the Parties (COP) in the context of international meetings.
Key Differences
- Level of Participation: SOMs involve senior officials below the ministerial or head of state level, while COPs involve higher-level representatives and decision-makers.
- Purpose: SOMs are preparatory and focused on technical or preliminary discussions. COPs are decision-making forums where binding agreements can be made.
- Outcomes: SOMs produce draft documents, recommendations, or preparatory work. COPs can result in binding international agreements or significant policy decisions.
SOMs are preparatory meetings focused on groundwork and technical discussions, while COPs are high-level, formal meetings where binding decisions and significant agreements are made.
I noticed that if you visit, photograph, or record either SOMs or COPs, a layperson would be hard-pressed to tell the difference. A bunch of people with titles and badges from various countries show up and vote on language concerning a new or existing convention.
Here is a video of a Senior Officials Meeting for the World Trade Organization.